Types of Mesothelioma
Mesothelioma is one of the most hard-hitting and aggressive forms of cancer. Previous prolonged contact with high concentrations of asbestos is the sole cause of almost all cases of this cancer. In its natural state as a mineral, asbestos was found to be able to withstand extended exposure to heat and fire. Due to these properties, it was heavily used in various industries such as the construction, automotive, manufacturing and marine sectors, as well as household products. Unfortunately, when asbestos is processed into a form useful for manufacturing purposes, small inhalable fibers are generated and become part of the products. If these fibers are inhaled, they may lodge in the mesothelium, a membrane that surrounds the chest cavity and linings of organs. Once inhaled, the body has no way of ridding itself of the fibers, so they remain and possibly develop into cancer many years later. Based upon what part of the mesothelium is affected, medical researchers have identified three types of mesothelioma. Primarily, mesothelioma attacks the linings of one of three body areas: the lungs, the abdomen or the heart.
Pleural mesothelioma
Pleural mesothelioma, which affects the lining of the lungs, is the most common type of this form of cancer. When asbestos fibers become implanted in the lining of the lungs, they may cause fluid to accumulate in the space between the lungs and the chest cavity. Pleural mesothelioma has its start when a cell in the lining of the lung tries to consume and remove an asbestos fiber. Since the fiber cannot be removed because it's too long and thin to be consumed, other cells come to the aid. As more cells join in the fight, an inflammation develops and, eventually, a tumor begins to grow. As the tumor gets larger, symptoms such as persistent coughing, a feeling of pressure and shortness of breath may be experienced. Early on, these symptoms can be mistaken for a stomach illness or a fluid buildup in the lungs from another cause. For this reason, it's important that doctors be informed of any history of asbestos contact.
Peritoneal mesothelioma
Peritoneal mesothelioma, which affects the lining of the abdominal and stomach areas, is the second most common form. Cells in the membrane lining the abdomen produce a fluid that helps organs in the chest cavity move; however, in the presence of mesothelioma from asbestos fibers, these cells produce too much fluid, leading to a buildup in the abdominal area. When that happens, symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, weight loss and abdominal pain and swelling may occur from fluid and the pressure of tumors against the stomach lining. Peritoneal mesothelioma can quickly spread the cancer to other body areas. In a very rare form, peritoneal mesothelioma may affect the scrotum as a result of migrating cells.
Pericardial mesothelioma
Pericardial mesothelioma is the final major type of this cancer. It is, however, the least common. In this form of mesothelioma, cells in the lining of the heart are under attack by the cancer. The tumors that develop can cause a persistent cough, palpitations, shortness of breath and severe chest pain. These symptoms mimic other heart conditions and may lead to pericardial mesothelioma not being diagnosed until an advanced stage. When dealing with mesothelioma, time is crucial. Please use this form to obtain additional information.